A Kingdom, A Coup, and a Crisis: How Pak–Afghan Ties Collapsed
It has been four months since the trade ban on Afghanistan was imposed. Pakistan had placed a ban on Afghanistan for the first time in 1960 when, on the orders of Sardar Daoud Khan, the Afghan army attacked the Bajaur region. After the Afghan forces failed in Bajaur, Daoud Khan continued his aggressive policy, which led Pakistan to sever diplomatic ties with Afghanistan and shut down Afghan transit trade. This crippled Kabul’s economy and pushed Afghanistan into global isolation. King Zahir Shah was the ruler of Afghanistan at that time, and he openly disliked Daoud Khan’s policies. Zahir Shah was a moderate leader who always tried to maintain Afghanistan’s traditional neutrality. He feared that the country might fully fall into the communist bloc. He wanted better relations with Pakistan, which is why during the 1965 and 1971 Pakistan–India wars, he adopted a positive and non-hostile stance toward Pakistan. This proved to be a major help for Pakistan. In July 1973, when ...